ABSTRACT
Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome has been one of a major public health problem in India that leads to medical consequences. It causes multifactorial in etiology such as menstrual dysfunction, hyperandrogenism, hirsutism, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and obesity which increased risk of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. Prolactin has been reported as a potent lipogenic and diabetogenic factor, that affecting energy balance and fuel metabolism. The present study was designed to assess serum prolactin and insulin resistance in PCOS women and to compare them with healthy women as controls. Material and Methods: A comparative study including 50 women diagnosed as PCOS and 50 age and BMI matched healthy women as controls was conducted. The age group for the study was 18-35 years. Body Mass Index was calculated as a physical parameter. Fasting blood samples were drawn to assess serum prolactin, serum insulin, HbA1c and fasting blood sugar. Insulin resistance was calculated by homeostasis model assessment. Results: A significant increase in fasting serum insulin (p<0.001) and HOMA – IR (p<0.001) were found in patients with PCOS in comparison with controls. Mean BMI, prolactin, HbA1c and FBS were found elevated in the PCOS women but they were not statistically significant. No significant correlations were found between BMI, serum prolactin and serum insulin. Conclusions: The current study provides further evidence that significantly higher fasting insulin and HOMA in PCOS group indicates presence of IR. IR in PCOS group may have a potential role in the prediction of dysglycemic disease in women with PCOS. This study could not find any significant correlation between serum prolactin, serum insulin and BMI.
ABSTRACT
Aim: A study was conducted to evaluate the salinity tolerance of white jute (C. capsularis) cultivars. Methodology: Five white jute cultivars were assessed for different salinity concentrations (0, 100, 150, 200 and 250 mM NaCl) in a split plot design with three replications per concentration under greenhouse condition. A total of fifteen plants were sampled from each treatment ten days after treatment with NaCl to determine morphological and physiological parameters. Results: Increased NaCl concentrations reduced all the morphological and physiological parameters such as plant height, root length, number of leaves, leaf area, shoot and root dry weight, relative leaf water content (RLWC), chlorophyll, protein, proline content, K+ accumulation in shoot and leaves, but water saturation deficit (WSD) and Na+ contents were increased in the shoot and leaves. Interpretation: The study revealed that among all cultivars assessed JRC-532 and JRC-321 showed relatively better performance against salt stress whereas cultivar JRC-517 was found more susceptible to salt stress.
ABSTRACT
Background: Keeping in view the great variations in different dimensions of the human trachea and its remarkable clinical importance, the present work was undertaken. It included the study of dimensions of adult trachea of both sexes in West Bengal population. In addition, an effort was made to establish their relationship with selected external measurements. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, observational study on 60 cadavers. Relatively disease-free fresh adult cadavers were selected from West Bengal population. Study variables were tracheal length, internal transverse diameter and internal anteroposterior diameter. Selected external measurements were height and sternal length. Results: In males, the highest correlation was observed between tracheal length and height (r = 0.800), and tracheal length and sternal length (r = 0.799). In females, the highest correlation coefficient was found between tracheal length and height (r = 0.809). Conclusion: Different formulae were obtained by linear regression with all measurements being in centimeters. Therefore, it is possible to predict the tracheal dimensions from simple external measurements.
ABSTRACT
Background: Adenosine deaminase (ADA) is suggested to modulate the bioactivity of insulin, but its clinical significance in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is not yet established. The present study was undertaken to evaluate serum ADA activity and serum uric acid levels in patients of Type 2 DM. Aim: To evaluate the serum ADA level and to correlate ADA levels with Blood Glucose, Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in Type-2 DM patients. Material and Method: It is a case control study. The subjects in this study were divided into 3 groups. Group I consisted of 50 normal healthy individuals who served as controls with no history of DM. Group II consisted of 50 patients of Type 2 DM both males & females in the age group of 40-65 years on oral hypoglycemic drugs with HbA1c <7%. Group III consisted of 50 patients of Type 2 DM both males & females in the age group of 40-65 years on oral hypoglycemic drugs with HbA1c >7 %. Serum levels of fasting blood sugar, HbA1c, ADA and uric acid were estimated in all the subjects. Results: FBS, HbA1c, ADA and serum uric acid levels were found to be increased in the patients of Type 2 DM as compared with controls. Conclusion: It is concluded that there is an increase in serum ADA levels with increase in HbA1c levels. Serum uric acid levels increased with moderately increasing levels of HbA1c <7% and then decreased with further increasing levels of HbA1c >7% (a bell-shaped relation).
ABSTRACT
Mucormycosis caused by Saksenaea erythrospora is an emerging infection seen with soil contamination, burns and/or nosocomial infections. PCR amplification and internal transcribed spacer sequencing is gold standard for its identification. Here, we report a case of necrotizing fungal orbital infection by S. erythrospora in an immunocompetent child.
ABSTRACT
Heavy metals like lead and cadmium were found to leach out from food contact surface of opal glass dinnerware when treated with five food acids as a leaching solution. The leachates used were: acetic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, lactic acid and ascorbic acid at three different concentrations 2%, 4%, and 8% (v/v). At room temperature, duration of leaching varied from 1h to 24h in each case. The amount of metals leached in individual acid was found to be maximum at the 4% acid concentration. Release of Pb and Cd was faster in first 2h leaching period. Maximum amount of Pb and Cd were leached in 4% acetic acid at room temperature.